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Applications of Shot Blasting Machines in the Shipbuilding Industry
发布时间:
2026-07-31
The shot blasting machine serves as the core surface treatment equipment through
The shot blasting machine serves as the core surface treatment equipment throughout the entire lifecycle of shipbuilding and maintenance. Its primary functions include removing rust and mill scale, creating a uniform surface anchor
profile, strengthening surfaces, and ensuring compliance with corrosion protection standards such as PSPC. It plays a pivotal role across four key operational scenarios: steel plate pretreatment, block fabrication, component strengthening,
and ship repair and maintenance.
I.Core Application Scenarios
1.Steel Plate Pre-treatment (The First Critical Process in Shipbuilding)
Workpieces: Marine steel plates, sections, flat bars, T-sections, and other raw materials.
Process Objective: Thoroughly remove rolling scale, surface rust, and oil stains; achieve a cleanliness level of Sa2.5–Sa3; and establish a profile of 40–80 μm.
Key Equipment: Roller Conveyor Shot Blasting Machine (Steel Plate Pre-treatment Line). Features continuous conveying and simultaneous blasting from multiple shot heads positioned above and below the workpiece. Processing speeds range from 5 to 30 meters per minute, with a daily throughput reaching up to several hundred tons, and incorporates an automatic shot recovery and recycling system.
Value: Prevents subsequent welding and coating defects, and significantly extends the anti-corrosion service life of the hull.
2. Hull Block / Superblock Surface Treatment
Objects of Processing: Welded hull sections, compartment blocks, and superstructures (large-scale steel structural components).
Process Objective: To remove welding slag, spatter, welding stresses, and localized corrosion; to standardize the surface condition; and to prepare for sectional coating.
Mainstream Equipment: Hook-type and trolley-type systems, suitable for large-sized and irregularly shaped workpieces; capable of workpiece rotation and multi-angle blasting to ensure dead-angle-free cleaning.
Key Functions: Eliminates welding residual stress, reduces the risk of structural fatigue cracking, and enhances the quality of block painting.
3. Reinforcement and Cleaning of Key Components of Ships
Propeller / shafting: Shot peening is applied to create a residual compressive stress layer on the surface, enhancing resistance to fatigue, cavitation and seawater corrosion, and extending service life.
Deck / Walkway: Shot blasting roughening is carried out to create an anti-slip texture, meeting the IMO anti-slip safety standards, while also removing rust and old paint.
Anchor chains, hatch covers, pipe fittings, and outfitting components: Batch shot blasting, rust removal, deburring, strengthening, suitable for small-sized components in batches
4. Ship Repair / Vessel Maintenance & Operations
Target Surfaces: Hull plating, ballast tanks, cargo holds, decks, damaged areas of existing coatings, and areas with marine fouling.
Main equipment: Mobile / Self-propelled shot blasting machine. Capable of entering the cabin and narrow spaces flexibly, dust-free, environmentally friendly, with local high-efficiency operation, and no need for large-scale scaffolding setup.
Core application: Removal of old coatings, rust removal, local refurbishment, anti-corrosion repair of ballast tanks, meeting the requirements of classification society annual inspections / special inspections
II. Common Types of Shot Blasting Machines (For Marine Applications)
Machine type | Applicable Scenarios | Key Features |
Roller Conveyor Type shot blasting machine | Steel Plate / Section Pre-treatment Line | Continuous automation, high efficiency, wide processing range, and rapid closed-loop recycling |
Hook / Trolley Type Shot blasting machine | Hull Sections, Large-scale Components | Flippable, Multi-Angle Projection, Accommodates Large and Irregularly Shaped Objects |
Through type shot blasting machine | Hull Section Assembly and Slipway Operations | Large span, upward and downward protrusions, suitable for segmented and overall processing |
Crawler / Turntable Type | Small Outfitting Components, Anchor Chains | Batch Processing of Small Items, Efficient Cleanup, Enhancement |
III. Core Advantages (Compared to Acid Pickling, Manual Sanding, and Sandblasting)
1. High Efficiency, Low Cost: Efficiency is 10 to 20 times that of manual polishing; blast media recovery exceeds 95% for continuous recycling, resulting in a 40% reduction in overall costs.
2. Stable and Controllable Quality: Uniform cleanliness and roughness, precisely achieving Sa2.5/Sa3.
3. Surface Strengthening and Enhancement: Impact induces compressive stress, thereby enhancing the steel's fatigue strength, corrosion resistance, and cavitation resistance, while simultaneously reducing cracking and extending structural service life.
4. Eco-friendly: Generates no waste acid effluent, features centralized dust collection, and operates with low noise levels, thereby complying with environmental protection and occupational health requirements.
IV. Key Standards and Process Essentials
Cleanliness: Must reach Grade Sa2.5 or Sa3.
Roughness: Controlled within the range of 40–80 μm to ensure the adhesion of anti-corrosive coatings, such as epoxy and polyurethane.
Shot Selection: Commonly used S330–S390 alloy steel shot; hardness and grit size are matched to the steel plate material and processing requirements.
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